The Conners 4 was developed for the lowest reading level possible while ensuring appropriate content coverage. The reading level corresponds to the required grade level to be able to complete a form (e.g., a reading level of 5 indicates that the instructions and items can be read and understood by the average 5th grade student). Reading levels for the Conners 4 were determined with the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level Formula (Flesch, 1948; Kincaid et al., 1975). This formula produces a readability score that is a function of the total number of words, syllables, and sentences in the analyzed text (e.g., instructions and items). Table 2.1 lists the reading levels for each of the Conners 4 forms. Alternative administration methods may be needed for raters whose reading level is below the required grade level (see Verbal Administration of the Conners 4 later in this chapter).